Dutch Tros Radar investigates residue levels in quinoa brands
On 19 May 2014, the Dutch television programme Tros Radar investigates pesticide residues in quinoa. Five Dutch quinoa brands were tested, of which residues were found in three. Two of these actually fell within the very strict limit of the European organic industry, but nevertheless the findings were presented critically. Many consumers do not expect any pesticide residues in organic products at all, whereas in practice a very strict norm of 0,01 mg per kg (or 10 ppb) is used as a threshold. One sample exceeded the norm by 730%, but interestingly it turned out that this product, sold in the hard discount retailer Action, was not officially certified organic at all! This product was consequently recalled by the packer. The insecticide found was Metamidophos. For more detailed visit http://www.trosradar.nl/nieuws/archief/detail/article/pesticiden-aangetroffen-op-biologische-quinoa/?tx_comments_pi1[page]=1.
The test results do not discredit the organic certification system, but nevertheless the sector was put in the defensive. The brands that tested positive issued statements explaining the situation. The programme clearly shows that the issue of pesticide residues in organic products is sensitive for consumers, who are paying substantial premiums for these products. Dutch retail prices of quinoa have reached an all-time high of as much as €16 per kg. Cheaper brands sell for just below €10 per kg. Whereas quinoa gained its popularity from the health effects, consumers are now very concerned about the effects of the insecticides.
In origin, the rising prices have created a boom in production and new farmers have turned to quinoa. This puts a strain on the control systems used by the organic operators. Some farmers may be tempted to cheat on the organic rules and use pesticides if a plague present itself. Some farmers may also lack the knowledge to decide whether or not to spray pesticides. Clearly in the organic system pesticides are not allowed at all. But pests do not follow the rules. The sector therefore faces a challenge of growing in a sustainable fashion, respecting the international norms. If this is not achieved, this new source of income for the Andes farmers, who are among the poorest in the world, may eventually run dry.